Sri Lanka Frogmouth Bird Details
Batrachostomus moniliger
Sri Lanka Frogmouth,Sri Lankan frogmouth, Ceylon frogmouth;
Shri Lanka Medhak
Blyth, 1846
Podargiformes
Podargidae
Batrachostomus
Sri Lanka: The species is only found in Sri Lanka and does not have a natural range outside the country.
Appearance :
The Sri Lanka Frogmouth is a large, stout bird with a distinctive broad head and a flattened body that resembles a frog, which is where its name comes from. It has mottled brown and gray plumage that provides excellent camouflage against tree bark. The eyes are large and yellow, contributing to its nocturnal hunting adaptations.
Behaviour :
They are largely solitary or found in pairs. These birds are known for their excellent camouflage, often sitting motionless on tree branches during the day. They are primarily nocturnal and are more active at night when they hunt for food.
Habitat :
The Sri Lanka Frogmouth is typically found in moist evergreen forests, tea plantations, and wooded areas. They prefer areas with dense foliage for roosting and hunting.
Diet :
Their diet mainly consists of insects, including moths, beetles, and other small invertebrates. They hunt by waiting patiently and then catching their prey with a quick snap of their large mouths.
Conservation Status :
Near Threatened
Distribution :
The Sri Lanka Frogmouth is endemic to Sri Lanka, primarily found in the southern and western regions of the country.
Population Size :
The exact population size is not well-documented, but habitat loss is a significant concern affecting their numbers.
Life Span :
The lifespan of the Sri Lanka Frogmouth is not precisely known.
Body And Tarsus:
- Body: The body is stout, flattened, and well-camouflaged with mottled brown and gray plumage that resembles tree bark, aiding in their nocturnal lifestyle.
- Tarsus Length: Approximately 30–35 mm.
Head And Bill :
- Head: The head is broad and flattened with a rounded shape. It is relatively large compared to the body, which aids in their feeding adaptations.
- Eyes: Large and yellow, providing excellent night vision for hunting insects in low-light conditions.
- Bill: The bill is broad and flat, with a wide gape that allows the bird to catch insects effectively.
- Bill Length: About 30–35 mm, varying slightly among individuals.
Length :
The total length of the bird is approximately 30–36 cm.
Neck :
The neck is short and thick, contributing to the stout appearance of the bird.
Size :
Medium-sized compared to other birds, with a robust body structure.
Tail Details :
- Tail: The tail is relatively short but wide, aiding in balance while perched.
- Tail Length: Approximately 10–12 cm.
- Feathers: The feathers are soft and fluffy, providing insulation and aiding in camouflage.
Weight :
Typically weighs between 150–200 grams.
Wing :
The wings are broad and long, suited for gliding and maneuvering while hunting for insects.
Wing Span :
Wingspan is approximately 60–70 cm.
Facial Feature :
The Sri Lanka Frogmouth has a broad, flat face with a distinctively large bill. The eyes are positioned forward, enhancing depth perception, crucial for nocturnal hunting.
Nest Details :
- Nest: The nest is typically a simple, shallow depression located on a branch, in a tree hollow, or on ledges. It is often situated in dense foliage for protection and camouflage.
- Nest Made Up Of: The nest is usually constructed using a few twigs, leaves, and other natural materials. The materials are selected for their ability to blend in with the surroundings.
Breeding Season :
The breeding season generally occurs from March to August
Nesting Season :
Nesting typically takes place during the breeding period.
Egg Color :
The eggs are usually white or pale blue
Egg Length :
The average length of the eggs is about 3.5–4 cm.
Egg Width and Weight :
- Egg Width: The width of the eggs is approximately 2.5–3 cm.
- Egg Weight: The weight of the eggs typically ranges from 10 to 15 grams.
Clutch Size :
The typical clutch size is usually 1 to 3 eggs.
No. of Broods :
The Sri Lanka Frogmouth generally raises one brood per breeding season.
Incubation Period :
The incubation period lasts about 18 to 20 days
Nestling Period :
The nestling period is around 25 to 30 days before the young fledge and leave the nest.
Vocalization :
They have a variety of vocalizations, which include soft, low calls and whistles, often used for communication between mates or to establish territory.
Sex Demorphism :
There is no significant sexual dimorphism in this species.
Migration Details :
The Sri Lanka Frogmouth is generally non-migratory. They tend to remain in their established territories year-round.