Nicobar Sparrowhawk Bird Details
Accipiter butleri
Nicobar Sparrowhawk,Butler's Sparrowhawk, Nicobar Goshawk;
Nicobar Sparrowhawk
E. C. Stuart Baker in 1922.
Accipitriformes (HAWKS, EAGLES and KITES)
Accipitridae
Accipiter
India (Nicobar Islands, Great Nicobar Island and Car Nicobar).
Appearance :
The Nicobar Sparrowhawk is a medium-sized raptor with a robust body. Males and females exhibit sexual dimorphism; males are smaller with a more slender build. They have a dark brownish-grey upper body, with rufous barring on the underparts. The head is small, and they have striking yellow eyes, a short crest, and a hooked beak.
Behaviour :
This species is primarily nocturnal and is known for its stealthy hunting techniques. They are often seen perching quietly and are agile fliers, adept at maneuvering through dense forest cover. They are territorial and can be aggressive during breeding seasons.
Habitat :
The Nicobar Sparrowhawk is typically found in tropical and subtropical forests, including rainforests and mangroves. They prefer areas with dense vegetation where they can hunt and nest safely.
Diet :
Their diet mainly consists of small birds, lizards, and insects. They hunt by ambushing prey from concealed perches.
Conservation Status :
Near Threatened
Distribution :
This species is endemic to the Nicobar Islands in the Indian Ocean, particularly Great Nicobar Island, Car Nicobar, and some of the other smaller islands in the Nicobar archipelago.
Population Size :
he Nicobar Sparrowhawk (Accipiter butleri) is a vulnerable bird of prey with a population that's estimated to be between 2,500 and 5,000 mature individuals.
Life Span :
Typically live between 5 to 10 years, with some individuals possibly reaching longer ages in the absence of significant threats.
Body And Tarsus:
- Body: The Nicobar Sparrow hawk has a robust and compact body, typical of the Accipiter genus. It has a strong build, which aids in its hunting prowess and agility while navigating through dense vegetation.
- Tarsus Length: The tarsus length is approximately 35 to 40 mm, reflecting the bird's adaptation for swift movements through its forested habitat.
Head And Bill :
- Head: The head is relatively small and rounded, featuring a slight crest. The eyes are bright yellow, providing excellent vision for spotting prey.
- Bill: The bill is short and hooked, adapted for tearing flesh.
- Bill Length: The bill length is about 2 to 3 cm.
Length :
The overall bird length ranges from 30 to 35 cm.
Neck :
The neck is short and sturdy, allowing for agile movements while hunting and maintaining balance in flight.
Size :
Males are typically smaller than females, with males measuring around 30 cm in length and females reaching up to 35 cm.
Tail Details :
- Tail: The tail is relatively long and narrow, which assists in maneuvering through dense foliage and during hunting pursuits.
- Tail Length: The tail length is approximately 15 to 20 cm, featuring distinct dark bands.
- Feathers: The plumage is dark brownish-grey on the upper parts with rufous barring on the underparts. The feathers are soft and help provide insulation as well as aiding in silent flight.
Weight :
The weight of the Nicobar Sparrowhawk ranges from 150 to 250 grams.
Wing :
The wings are short and broad, allowing for quick take-offs and agile flight. This shape helps in navigating through dense forests..
Wing Span :
The wingspan of the Nicobar Sparrowhawk ranges from 60 to 75 cm.
Facial Feature :
The Nicobar Sparrowhawk has prominent yellow eyes and a small hooked bill, characteristic of raptors. Its head is relatively small, and it has a crest that can be raised during displays.
Nest Details :
- Nest: The Nicobar Sparrowhawk builds a platform nest usually located in tall trees or dense foliage to provide protection from predators.
- Nest Made Up Of: The nest is constructed using twigs, sticks, and leaves, often lined with softer materials like grass or feathers for insulation.
Breeding Season :
The breeding period typically occurs between February and May.
Nesting Season :
The nesting season generally spans from March to June.
Egg Color :
Eggs are typically pale blue or whitish with some speckling, making them blend into the surroundings.
Egg Length :
The length of the eggs is about 35 to 40 mm.
Egg Width and Weight :
- Egg Width: The width of the eggs is approximately 28 to 32 mm.
- Egg Weight: Each egg weighs around 15 to 20 grams.
Clutch Size :
The clutch size usually consists of 2 to 4 eggs, with 3 eggs being common.
No. of Broods :
The Nicobar Sparrowhawk usually raises one brood per year, but a second brood may occur if the first is unsuccessful.
Incubation Period :
he incubation period lasts about 28 to 30 days.
Nestling Period :
After hatching, the nestling period lasts approximately 30 to 35 days.
Vocalization :
The vocalizations include a series of sharp, high-pitched calls.
Sex Demorphism :
Females are generally larger and heavier than males. Males have more pronounced greyish plumage, while females tend to be browner with more barring on their underparts.
Migration Details :
The Nicobar Sparrowhawk is non-migratory and is a resident species in the Nicobar Islands.